Search results for "transition [photon]"

showing 10 items of 273 documents

Una revolución científica a la que Educación Química quiere contribuir

2014

AbstractSustainability Science aims to integrate the study of social development and natural processes to fa a new paradigm thatvour both of them and make possible the transition to Sustainability. This deep scientific revolution cannot be the result of just a new knowledge discipline: it must become a new paradigm that impregnates the ensemble of scientific disciplines and social activities.ResumenLa Ciencia de la Sostenibilidad tiene como objetivo integrar el estudio del desarrollo social y los procesos naturales para favorecer a ambos y posibilitar la transición hacia la sostenibilidad. Esta profunda revolución científica no puede ser el resultado de solo una nueva disciplina del conocim…

Social changeSustainability scienceEnvironmental ethicsplanetary emergencyGeneral Chemistrytransition to sustainabilitySustainability Scienceemergencia planetariatransición a la sostenibilidadScientific revolutionEducationManagementScience-Technology-Society-Environment (STSE) relationshipsNatural processesCiencia de la SostenibilidadSustainabilityrelaciones Ciencia-Tecnología-Sociedad-Ambiente (CTSA)SociologyScientific disciplinesEducación Química
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Transition to adulthood and recession: a qualitative study

2016

While the transition to adulthood has been broadly examined, less is known about the impact of economic recession on the well-being and psychosocial functioning of young people. The present study used qualitative interviews with 12 college students to understand their experience. Consensual qualitative research was used to analyse data and develop core themes around young people’s experiences. Interviews focused on how young people perceived the impact of the economic recession on their social context and on emotional, behavioural, and interpersonal dimensions. Although students showed a proactive attitude in dealing with the crisis, findings highlighted a negative impact on psychological f…

Sociology and Political Sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectInterpersonal communicationRecessionDevelopmental psychology03 medical and health sciencescollege student0302 clinical medicinewell-beingTransition to adulthoodSettore M-PSI/08 - Psicologia Clinica0501 psychology and cognitive sciences030212 general & internal medicineDisengagement theoryLife-span and Life-course Studiesmedia_common05 social sciencesGeneral Social SciencesSocial environmentFeelingWell-beingpsychosocial functioningrecessionPsychologyPsychosocialSocial psychology050104 developmental & child psychologyQualitative research
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The manifestation of dipoles clustering in paraelectric phase of disordered ferroelectrics

2001

Abstract We predict the existence of Griffiths phase in the dielectrics with concentrational crossover between dipole glass (electric analog of spin glass) and ferroelectricity. The peculiar representatives of above substances are KTaO3: Li, Nb, Na or relaxor ferroelectrics like Pb1−xLaxZr0.65Ti0.35O3. Since this phase exists above ferroelectric phase transition temperature (but below that temperature for ordered substance), we call it “para-glass phase”. We assert that the difference between paraelectric and para-glass phase of above substances is the existence of clusters (inherent to “ordinary” Griffiths phase in Ising magnets) of correlated dipoles. We show that randomness play a decisi…

Spin glassMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsTransition temperatureCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksFerroelectricityElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceElectric dipole momentDipoleMean field theoryPhase (matter)Ising modelFerroelectrics
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Effect of structural and compositional inhomogeneities on spin-glass transition in Hg1−x−yCrxMnySe crystals

2004

Abstract We report experimental results on the growth of Hg 1 −x−y Cr x Mn y Se crystals and their magnetic susceptibility χ ( T ) in dependence on the crystal structure and composition. It was found that the crystals with the Mn composition y =0.01–0.08 exhibit the spin-glass transition temperature T g =100–110 K. An increase of y value leads to the saturation of the χ max and T g characteristics in the composition ranges of y >0.06 and y >0.02, respectively. This phenomenon is explained as a result of phase-separated magnetic behavior caused by the formation of HgCr 2 Se 4 inclusions and textures.

Spin glassScanning electron microscopeChemistryTransition temperatureAnalytical chemistryCrystal structureMagnetic semiconductorCondensed Matter PhysicsMagnetic susceptibilityInorganic ChemistryNuclear magnetic resonanceMaterials ChemistryGlass transitionSaturation (magnetic)Journal of Crystal Growth
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What we look at in paintings: A comparison between experienced and inexperienced art viewers

2016

How do people look at art? Are there any differences between how experienced and inexperienced art viewers look at a painting? We approach these questions by analyzing and modeling eye movement data from a cognitive art research experiment, where the eye movements of twenty test subjects, ten experienced and ten inexperienced art viewers, were recorded while they were looking at paintings. Eye movements consist of stops of the gaze as well as jumps between the stops. Hence, the observed gaze stop locations can be thought as a spatial point pattern, which can be modeled by a spatio-temporal point process. We introduce some statistical tools to analyze the spatio-temporal eye movement data, a…

Statistics and ProbabilityFOS: Computer and information sciencesCoverageComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION01 natural sciencesStatistics - Applications050105 experimental psychologyVisual arts010104 statistics & probabilitysilmänliikkeetInformationSystems_MODELSANDPRINCIPLES0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesApplications (stat.AP)0101 mathematicspoint processPaintingPoint (typography)05 social sciencesEye movementCognitioncognitive art researchtransition probabilityGazeTest (assessment)shift functionModeling and Simulationart viewersStatistics Probability and UncertaintyPsychologyintensity
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Dynamical susceptibility from simulations of a mean field Potts glass

2004

Abstract We present results of the non-linear dynamic susceptibility χ(t) in a mean field Potts glass from simulations in a wide range of temperatures above the theoretically predicted dynamical transition, for various system sizes up to 2560 spins. χ(t) has a maximum, with a height that diverges like (T−TD)−α, with α≈1. The timescale t ∗ associated with this maximum also approaches a singularity, and we show that its behavior is compatible with the relaxation time of the standard time-dependent spin autocorrelation function, also with respect to finite size effects. We find that χ(t) for temperatures near the transition temperature TD satisfies a dynamical scaling property.

Statistics and ProbabilityPhysicsSingularitySpin glassMean field theoryCondensed matter physicsSpinsTransition temperatureAutocorrelationStatistical physicsCondensed Matter PhysicsGlass transitionSpin-½Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications
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Guest Removal and External Pressure Variation Induce Spin Crossover in Halogen-Functionalized 2-D Hofmann Frameworks.

2020

The effect of halogen functionalization on the spin crossover (SCO) properties of a family of 2-D Hofmann framework materials, [FeIIPd(CN)4(thioX)2]·2H2O (X = Cl and Br; thioCl = (E)-1-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-N-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)methanimine) and thioBr = (E)-1-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-N-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)methanimine)), is reported. Inclusion of both the chloro- and bromo-functionalized ligands into the Hofmann-type frameworks (1Cl·2H2O and 2Br·2H2O) results in a blocking of spin-state transitions due to internal chemical pressure effects derived by the collective steric bulk of the halogen atoms and guest molecules. Cooperative one-step SCO transitions are revealed by either guest r…

Steric effects010405 organic chemistryChemistryTransition temperature010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMagnetic susceptibility0104 chemical sciencesInorganic ChemistrySolventCrystallographySpin crossoverHalogenMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySingle crystalInorganic chemistry
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Investigation of Temperature-Induced Phase Transitions in DOPC and DPPC Phospholipid Bilayers Using Temperature-Controlled Scanning Force Microscopy

2004

Under physiological conditions, multicomponent biological membranes undergo structural changes which help define how the membrane functions. An understanding of biomembrane structure-function relations can be based on knowledge of the physical and chemical properties of pure phospholipid bilayers. Here, we have investigated phase transitions in dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) bilayers. We demonstrated the existence of several phase transitions in DPPC and DOPC mica-supported bilayers by both atomic force microscopy imaging and force measurements. Supported DPPC bilayers show a broad L(beta)-L(alpha) transition. In addition to the main transition …

Steric effectsPhase transition12-DipalmitoylphosphatidylcholineBiophysicsPhospholipid02 engineering and technologyMicroscopy Atomic Force010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesPhase TransitionQuantitative Biology::Subcellular Processeschemistry.chemical_compoundTransition TemperaturePhospholipidsPhysics::Biological PhysicsMembranesBilayerTransition temperaturedigestive oral and skin physiologyBiological membrane021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterCrystallographyMembranechemistryChemical physicsDipalmitoylphosphatidylcholineAluminum Silicateslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)0210 nano-technologyBiophysical Journal
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Calculation of modification of alkali metal atomic transition probability in strong external magnetic field and its application

2010

International audience; Interaction of alkali atoms with external magnetic field induced a splitting and a shift of their energy levels. We have study this interaction for external field from 0 to 5000 Gauss when the alkali vapor is confined in submicron thin vapor cell with thickness L = λ/2. Rubidium and Sodium vapors have been studied. The Hamiltonian can be expressed as the sum of the unperturbated atomic Hamiltonian and the so-called Zeeman Hamiltonian. The probability of a transition, induced by the laser electric field is proportional to the square of the transfer coefficients modified by the presence of the magnetic field. We will show that the strong nonlinearity of the transition …

Strong Magnetic FieldTransition Probability[ PHYS.QPHY ] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph][PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]SodiumPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Atomic PhysicsRubidiumNanocells[PHYS.QPHY] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]
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Effect of water on glass transition in starch/sucrose matrices investigated through positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy: a new approach

2011

Glass transition is studied through positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) in maize starch matrices containing 10 (batch STS10) and 20 (STS20) w/w% sucrose, as a function of temperature (T) and water content (c(w)). To circumvent important losses of water upon heating while recording the PALS spectra, a new method is developed: instead of a series of measurements of τ(3), the triplet positronium lifetime, at different T, the latter is kept constant and the series relates to c(w), which is left to decrease at a constant rate. Similarly to the changes in τ(3) with T, the τ(3)vs. c(w) plots obtained show a smooth linear increase until a break, denoting the occurrence of glass trans…

SucroseMaterials scienceStarchSpectrum AnalysisAnalytical chemistryWaterGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronsStarchSpectral linePositroniumchemistry.chemical_compoundDifferential scanning calorimetrychemistryYield (chemistry)Transition TemperatureGlassPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryGlass transitionSpectroscopyWater contentPhysical Chemistry Chemical Physics
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